Designing a Butterfly Garden for the Blind :: Architecture Design Essays

Structuring a Garden for the Blind Nature is so wonderful. It is out of line that because of wild conditions, a few people can't completely appreciate it. That is up to this point. With the new flood of impediment centered administrations, for example, eateries for the visually impaired, even the visually impaired can encounter life the manner in which it ought to be experienced, which is the reason I have structured a nursery for the visually impaired, or Jardin de la Nuit(Garden of the Night). I will start clarifying my structure by depicting the way that has been decided for this venture. It depends on the land behind Hume that has a descending incline and a stream. The way starts behind Hume West close to the walkway. It begins towards the stream and pivots the tree and stones set to one side. It at that point proceeds toward the brook to one side of the trees and seat. There is then a way as of now caution down from unreasonable utilize that will be followed back up towards the Hume structures. The way will at that point go to one side of the two seats and around the enormous oak tree back towards the start of the way. Since the land is truly steep here, the rails previously existing will be utilized to stroll up towards the structures. The way will follow the bend of the railings back towards the stream. Here the land is truly steep and difficult to stroll down. So as to utilize minimal measure of exertion, the way will at that point crisscross down the slant where it will at last end somewhere around the river close to Hume East. The plants and herbs that have been picked are fragrant, finished or eatable. Some are a mix of these models. So as to forestall erotic over-burden I have switched back and forth between the three. This will help set an example and permit the guests to realize what's in store and how to encounter each. For instance, toward the start of the way there will be basil, an eatable herb normally utilized for flavoring. Around the stones and tree, jasmine will be planted, which has an alleviating and solid fragrance. Subsequent to leaving the stones towards the rivulet, there will be lamb’s ear, which is delicate, trailed by another palatable plant.

Significant Role of HRM in an Organization-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Talk about the Significant job of HRM in an Organization. Answer: Presentation This report contains the basic assessment of the contextual investigation where the association which is emergency clinic for the situation doesn't comprise of the committed HRM and similar capacities are controlled by the CEO and the fund chief as a result of which a ton of troubles is looked by the association. The report talks about all the issues and the arrangement which ought to be done to determine the equivalent by the current group running the job of HRM. The contextual analysis likewise incorporates the effect of another association of a similar industry which has a supportable HRM and in this way the advantages and simplicity they achieve because of that is contrasted with the last one. It likewise talks about the foundation of the economical HRM and its key highlights which could prompt its smooth execution. Which means of Human Resource Management Human asset the board might be characterized as the connecting of the HR with characterized key objectives and goals for building up a business culture and improving business execution which supports development and adaptability in an association (Marchington et al, 2016). HRM prompts definition of hierarchical methodologies and smooth execution of these techniques which incorporates the accompanying exercises, for example, enlistment, choice, preparing and improvement of work force. HRM has a significant job in system definition since it gives data about associations inner qualities and shortcomings (Guest 2010). Approaches to improve HRM There are different difficulties which are looked by the association for which different approaches are applied for development. The essential test is for the conflicting application strategies and practices of HR for which the CEO ought to guarantee that the representative ought to have composed records which can show it plainly if any takeoffs is seen irregularities are discovered the equivalent can be settled (Chuang Liao,2010). The archive ought to be surveyed on opportune premise to guarantee unwavering quality. The elevated level of staff complaints can be settled by setting up a framework in which workers should hold up objections and one individual ought to be doled out in every division to determine the equivalent and devise a classified method to present their complaints and a time span ought to be built up to determine it. For decreasing the non-attendance and turnover, CEO should lead some inspirational methods and to energize representative maintenance it can actualize m erit raises, advancements adaptability in timings crisis mind and give different impetuses (Lengnick et al, 2011). Staff deficiencies are unavoidable piece of the association and to manage a similar location the reasons for the decreasing set up and enquire the equivalent with the current workers, the HR ought to improve the administration aptitudes and ought to consider all the more employing to accomplish the necessary work (Reenen Bloom, 2011). Key Features of building a reasonable HR ability It is hard to characterize the word manageability since the world is dynamic yet in straightforward terms it might be characterized as satisfying the need and needs of the present without trading off what's to come. By making a key HRM it sets up a connection between business methodologies and HR of the organization. HR work assumes a significant job for business methodologies to thrive in light of the fact that it gives the change the executives procedure and go about as a fundamental hotspot for building the hierarchical structure (Abadesco, 2015). The structure squares of the social structure of association are the CEO and his supervisory group. For building a maintainable HRM the accompanying highlights ought to be worked upon: Time Based Strategy The arrangement which a HR ought to go for here is adaptable timings, work sharing and low maintenance working societies. Culture change Strategies In this system the director is prepared for managing the representatives and understanding the work life issues so the worker fulfillment is accomplished. Administration Strategy Employees in this methodology are furnished with certain administrations, for example, crisis care, nearby wellbeing and excellence administrations and some trip projects and recreation administrations. Cash based Strategy - In this procedure representatives are furnished with top motivating forces, vouchers and numerous different advantages for empowering adaptability in work life. Data Based system It is the strategy where workers are given intranet and furthermore gives movement help. Feasible HR rehearses incorporates inspiration to representatives and giving them preparing and structuring a manageable HRM framework for guaranteeing advancement of workers and accentuating to long haul employer stability and furnishing them with legitimate pay (Wright,2011). End The association and the HRM capacity ought to be diverse in an association for proficient usage and to determine the above issues. The rising idea of building up supportable HR has impact on association execution and the HR capacities (Anderson, 2013). HR commitment is extremely basic for business development and for execution of corporate technique. The report contains an exhaustive evaluation of the HRM and the association and making of maintainable HRM by applying different approaches and procedures. References Abadesco, EV. (2015). Key HRM Building hierarchical capacities, HR matters recovered from https://business.inquirer.net/202970/key hrm-building-authoritative abilities Anderson, V. (2013).Research strategies in human asset the executives exploring a business issue, Chartered establishment of Personnel and improvement, London. Chuang, C. Liao, H. (2010). Vital Human Resource Management in Service Context: Taking Care of Business by Taking Care of Employees and Customers, Personal Phycology, 63(1), 153-196. Visitor, D. (2010). Human asset the executives execution: despite everything scanning for certain answers, Human asset the board diary, 21(1), 3-13. Lengnick-lobby, C. Beck, T. Lengnick-lobby, M. (2011). Building up a limit with regards to authoritative flexibility through key human asset the executives, Human Resource Management Review, 21(3), 243-255. Marchington, M. Wilkison, A., Donnelly, R. kynighou, A. (2016),Human asset the executives at work, Chartered organization of staff and advancement, London. Reenen, J. Blossom, N. (2011). Human Resource Management and Productivity, Handbook of work financial matters, 4, 1697-1767. Wright, P. Mcmahan, G. (2011). Investigating human capital: returning human to key human asset the executives, Human asset the board diary, 21(2), 93-104

Blogging Lesson For Newbie Bloggers

Blogging Lesson For Newbie Bloggers Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Blogging Lesson For Newbie BloggersUpdated On 13/07/2017Author : Harsh AgrawalTopic : Blogging FeaturedShort URL : https://hbb.me/2uapm5z CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogWhenever we talk about earning money online, Blogging seems to be the easiest way. Everyone will advice you to start a blog, put AdSense or any other monetization program and start making money. This sounds so easy. Though, in this post, Im going to be little Harsh on you and going to talk about few things that I have learned the hard way or things that I have learned after following pro in my field.Blogging LessonWhen I was in college, making money online was a myth for me, and when people talk about they earn online, I see it as another online scam or find it hard to believe it. In Feb 2009, when I received my first $10 on my PayPal account for a quick Webmaster fix, I realized online money is not a scam, and people like me and you can earn from online work.Here in this post, Im not going to talk about how you can make online, but rather this is a post for all bloggers, who either started blogging or already running a blog for some time and waiting for next kick start to go to next level.Quality over QuantityWhen I started blogging, one of my primary goals was to publish 4-5 posts a day. Quality doesnt matter that time and whatever interesting stuff I came across, I curated the same on my blog without any new insight. Yes, I was curating news, and this was one big mistake that I made in initial days of Blogging. Believe it, there is no shortcut to success, and if you are in the race of being a successful blogger, its time to find out mistakes that you have done regarding quality. If you are one of those who are publishing tons of post every day, its time to change the style and jump into the category of quality blogging. While writing a post, try to find whats new you are gi ving to your readers. A simple way to do is find the best post on the Internet about the topic you are writing about, and your goal should be write something better than that. And, this cant be done without research, testing and proof-reading. By the end, if you can turn a single reader into subscriber you have achieved a goal.Subscriber over Search Engine trafficFor Adsense Blogger, search engine traffic is great, but the real win is when you are converting those one time reader into a subscriber. This could only be done, when you are giving something new and offering a quality experience to your readers. This doesnt only limited to quality post but also consider another aspect like site loading time, no. of advertisements and so on. If you consider this blog or any other blog as a quality blog, try to find what is your blog missing regarding quality. What made you subscribe to that blog and in most of the cases its quality of the articles. Stop reading about unlimited WordPress tr icks, but work on basic of a blog and that is placing ideal subscription box and offer popular subscription options. Dont forget to leverage the power of Facebook, which is Google itself in term of traffic.Maintain Email listAgain, it depends upon your Blog niche but having an Email list is always a plus point. From the Branding and from sales perspective. Now, most of you are thinking why do we need Email list when we have Feedburner and other free options, but have anyone told you about the limitations of Feedburner. Email marketing services like Aweber, Mailchimp offers feature like Instant delivery, double opt in, spam control and that too at minimal cost. More over, think about the time when Google might become your biggest enemy, how are you planning to drive traffic then? Social networking sites like Facebook, Twitter, Google+ and Email list will be your biggest asset. One of the biggest mistake which I did here is, despite of reading about Aweber and Mailchimp advantages, I delayed integrating it into my blog.Why your blog need a Mailing listStart Aweber Email marketing for $1READWhy The Google Penguin Update Is Good For SEO?Stick with Positive people Only. Period!When we talk about serious Blogging, its a creative work. I consider Blogging as a Job of journalism and artistic work. For an artist, its important to have positive energy around you and it only comes when you have people with lots of positive energy around you. Follow the entrepreneur, creators, and market leaders. By the end of the day, you will have something new to gain. Get rid of people, who talk negative, see the glass half empty all the time. This will give you more positive approach and seeing people who believe in creating something new, will help you to boost your productivity.How to attract positive energyReading should be a part of your lifeWhen I was 14-year-old, one of the best tip which I got from a wise man is reading should be an integral part of your life and everyone life . It doesnt matter you are 10 or 100, reading is one habit that you should never ignore. Reading habit gives you a new way to see things, you learn a new thing every day, your vocab will improve, you can talk to people about new things and reading something in your niche, will slowly enhance your knowledge and will help you to be an expert with time. Still not convinces, read how reading makes you better.Avoid useless commentsEvery blogger love comments, even a small comment like nice post useful post, is an ego boost for us. But, lets see from SEO and value perspective, a comment like useful post doesnt add any value to your readers and your post. Moreover, one backlink will be going to a Website, which doesnt even deserve it. And since, SEO is all about linking, how can you give a link back to a blog which doesnt even earn it.Moreover, linking to an irrelevant domain is a bad idea. See the image below and most of these links are coming because of commenting. From SEO perspective, it would be better it Google is showing related links to the blog that I often link to. Related links, should show blog which are relevant to your niche, and such comments link might dilute the value of your domain. Accepting feedback from irrelevant domain is not bad, but make sure they earn it. You can check for your domain by typing related:domain.com in Google search.Dont be afraid to linking outThis is most common newbie mistake, as Blogger afraid that adding links to an external domain will let your reader jump out from your domain. Which is true, but at the same time you are letting your reader go without adding value. Either you should be a wiki, where you can link to your domain for all stuff or start linking out to useful and best post from the internet. Though, if you are worried about bounce rate, use Open in new tab for external links. Also, adding a useful link within your post will help you to create a better relation with other bloggers and also people will find you r post more valuable. Dont you believe so?5 Reasons why you should link out to others WebsiteAnd the last but not the least tip, when you read any tips on Blogging, dont just read it but implement it too.

Is The Big 5 Theory The Best Way To Think About...

Personality is defined as, â€Å"the combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individuals distinctive character.† There are many different theories for what makes up a person’s personality. These theories are classified under 5 general categories. These categories are: biological, behavioural, psychodynamic, humanist, and trait theories. If we look at the trait theories category, two particular theories come to mind. These two theories are, â€Å"Big 5 theory† and Eysencks â€Å"Three Traits Theory.† In this essay, I will approach the question, which personality trait perspective is the best way to think about personality? To solve this question I will compare the Big 5 theory to the Three Trait theory. The Big 5 theory is based†¦show more content†¦Studies have also shown that males and females have different Big 5 test scores. Women usually score higher in Agreeableness and Neuroticism. Another theory that has been created while Big 5 research was being conducted is the theory of how personality is different when examining order of birth. â€Å"Frank J. Sulloway has mounted evidence that birth order is correlated with personality traits: firstborns are statistically more conscientious, more socially dominant, less agreeable, and less open to new ideas compared to laterborns.† Although the Big 5 theory has proved itself worldwide it does also have weaknesses. One weakness is that not a lot of research regarding the Big 5 theory has been published. Another weakness is that these factors relate to each other and if a person is to have a low score in one area it usually shows in another. The final weakness that I will mention is that some researchers believe the theory is useless because it doesn’t include traits like; Religiosity, Manipulativeness, Honesty, Sexiness, Thriftiness, Conservativeness, Masculinity/Femininity, Snobbishness, and Sense of humour. The rival to the big 5 theory is Eysencks â€Å"Three Traits Theory.† Eysenck based this theory off personality test results. According to the Three Traits Theory, the three factors that make up a person’s personality are: Extraversion, Neuroticism and Psychoticism. As in the Big 5 theory, Extraversion is how social a person is. Also like the Big 5 theory, Neuroticism isShow MoreRelatedThe Trait Model Of Personality1599 Words   |  7 PagesModel of Personality Jamie Goodwin PSY330: Theories of Personality Instructor: George Bell 04/03/2017 This paper will offer an overview of the trait model of personality, it will show the similar and different basic assumptions of this model and the psychodynamic model of personality to do with the variances amongst both healthy and unhealthy personalities. It will also describe each of the five traits. Finally, this paper will show my results from The Big Five Personality Test and discussRead MoreThe Human Mind For Millennia Essay1430 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Personality is a topic that has interested the human mind for millennia. As early as the fourth century BC, Aristotle was writing about the differences within individuals based on â€Å"determinants of moral and immoral behavior (Matthews Deary),† which he identified as cowardice, vanity, and modesty. Aristotle’s student, Theophrastus, continued this thought process through a book detailing thirty personality traits, thus bringing forth the idea that an individual’s personality could be brokenRead MoreThe Big Five Dimensions Of Traits1131 Words   |  5 Pages1.What are the Big five dimensions of traits? Answer:The Big Five dimensions of traits are (1) surgency, (2) agreeableness, (3) adjustment, (4) conscientiousness, and (5) openness to experience. 2.What is the primary use of personality profiles? Answer:The personality profile. Specific stronger and weaker that will help you to match. Who is the best suit the strengths of their personality. 3.What are some of the traits that describe the high-energy trait? AnswerSome of the characteristics thatRead MoreStrengths And Weaknesses Of A Team1198 Words   |  5 PagesTeam Personality Traits Personalities can vary in groups of people from different areas of the country. University of Phoenix Learning Team B reflects similar personalities in which may not be a common aspect in most team environments. The Learn team B truthfully assessed the Big Five Personality test to understand strengths and weaknesses within the team. However, each member has displayed a high regard for team goals and participation. According to each team member the results of the test wouldRead MoreIA OB1459 Words   |  6 Pagesassignment Topic 1:. Identify and evaluate your personalities by using the Big Five Model (use a free online website). Write a paper providing your thoughts on the results and explain how the results can help you in personal and professional development. I/ Introduction 1. Why do I choose this topic? The reason why I choose this topic is I am curious about how Big Five evaluates people’s personalities, (particularly, my personalities) as well as how it relates to job. 2. The objectivesRead MoreSigmund Freuds Psychoanalytic Theory On Personality Development And Emotional Problems883 Words   |  4 Pages †¢ 1.Sigmund Freud- Psychoanalytic Theory. The Psychoanalytic theory is about personality development and emotional problems. Psychoanalytic theories look at development in terms of internal drives that are unconscious, or hidden from our awareness. There are three basic drives: sexual, survival, and destructiveness. Freud outlined development in phases of â€Å"psychosexual stages† (Gordon and Browne, 2016, p.94) with a body part representing each stage. Oral (birth -2) Mouth source of pleasure: eatingRead MoreTrait Theory And Social Cognitive Theories1190 Words   |  5 Pages Both Trait theory and Social Cognitive Theories are currently and have been very influential in describing personalities in people over the years. They have both similar and opposite qualities as well and seem to work off of each other at times in my opinion. Although many theories are still helpful in some ways, I feel like these two are more beneficial due to them bringing a more positive approach to describing personalities and giving the p erson more control over their own behavioral change ratherRead MorePsy 250 Complete Course (Psychology of Personality) - a+ Work1520 Words   |  7 Pages(Psychology of Personality) - A+ Work IF You Want To Purchase A+ Work Then Click The Link Below , Instant Download http://hwnerd.com/PSY-250-Psychology-of-Personality-Complete-Course-1138.htm?categoryId=-1 If You Face Any Problem E- Mail Us At Contact.Hwnerd@Gmail.Com Week 1 Individual Assignment Personality Reflection Write a 700- to 1,050-word reflective paper that addresses the following questions: o How would you define personality? o What are some key personality features thatRead MoreLeadership Theories, Approaches, And Philosophies1172 Words   |  5 Pages Leadership Theory Assessment Maxx Godfrey ALED 440 Dr. Bobbit June 18th, 2015 Leadership Theory: Trait Approach to Leadership After reading and sitting through class discussion, I have learned a lot of leadership theories, approaches, and philosophies. The one that stuck out most to me was the, Trait Approach, because it is a great place to being your leadership journey, it can be developed or honed, and it has worked well in my life. The Trait Approach is a leader-focused approach.Read MoreInfluence Of Language Over Personality Perception Essay974 Words   |  4 PagesThis journal focuses on the influence of language over personality perception. Through this study researchers were focused on finding an answer to this controversial issue by proving the Sapir-Whorf or Whorfian hypothesis. In order to succeed, they performed four different studies on a total of 532 Chinese-English bilingual participants. The information obtained showed interesting facts about a highest level of dialectical thinking and personality perception when participants speak in Cantonese than

How Is Racism Presented in the Novel of Roll of Thunder,...

How is racism presented in the novel of Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry? Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry is a novel based in the Southern States of America in the 1930’s and deals with the theme of Racism amongst other themes. Racism is being prejudice or discriminating against someone of a different race based on such a belief. Following on from the Civil War, America experienced ‘The Great Depression’ and it affected everyone, especially blacks. Mildred Taylor reveals examples of racism and racist behaviour throughout the novel based on her own experiences. In this essay, I will discuss what blacks were subjected to and how racism is presented in this novel. Right from the very start, the Logan Children, although they have been protected†¦show more content†¦TJ is blamed for the murder of Mr. Barnett, a white man, when the offence was committed by R.W and Melvin Simms (two white boys). However, TJ was only an accomplice in the break in of Mr. Barnett’s store but this does not prevent the ‘Night Men’ attacking TJ and his family. They do this because it gives them reason to physically and violently assault the Avery family just because they’re black: â€Å"†¦dragged from the house on his knees. His face was bloody and when he tried to speak he cried with pain.† This shows they are treated like animals and not as equals. TJ is considered disposable by the white men as they do not care what happens to him. Also the fact that there was no legal intervention displays how racist the community really was towards black people. In my opinion, I think Mildred Taylor included this in the novel to show that no one stood up to it even though it was unjust and unfair. In contrast to this, not every white character in the book is racist. For example, Jeremy Simms and Mr. Jamison. Jeremy Simms, a white boy, wants to befriend the Logan Children despite knowing he will be punished for his actions as it is considered unacceptable for a white boy to socially interact with black children: â€Å"Jeremy grew even more pale, ‘C-cause I just likes y’all’ he stammered† This shows what a brave and courageous character he is to look beyond the colour of a person’s skin forShow MoreRelatedThe Use of Cassie as the Narrator in Taylors Roll of Thunder Hear My Cry578 Words   |  3 PagesThe Use of Cassie as the Narrator in Taylors Roll of Thunder Hear My Cry Cassie is an intelligent, outspoken, self-confident, and independent young girl who is also the narrator of the novel. Roll of thunder, hear my cry, is a coming of the age story for Cassie as she awakens to the true extent of racism in the south over the course of her tenth year. As she narrates the events, this leads her to mature and grow up. There are quite a few factors, which need to be examinedRead More Censorship in Schools Essay3746 Words   |  15 Pagesoften falls on teachers. The purpose of this research paper is to discuss censorship in schools and to argue that the censorship of books in the high school English curriculum is limiting and takes away literature that is meaningful to students. How a Book is Censored Brinkley describes a few actions that can lead to the censoring of a book in a school or school system: An expression of concern is simply a question about the material with overtones of disapproval; an oral complaint is an oralRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesp. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-19-513376-5 1. Rastafari movement. 2. Jamaica—Religious life and customs. I. Title. BL2532.R37 E36 2002 299†².676—dc21 2002074897 v To Donnaree, my wife, and Donnisa, my daughter, the two persons around whom my life revolves; and to the ancestors whose struggles have enabled us to survive and thrive This page intentionally left blank Foreword One of the most useful things about Ennis Edmondss Rastafari: From Outcasts

Animal Testing Social And Moral Views - 2753 Words

Against Animal Testing | Chp 1 Social and moral views Choice between beauty (social pressure) and morality and ethics (products that test or don’t test) Needs new title Make note on Australia’s stance-have said Don t do it but haven t made it illegal Keep or delete sub headings? Get this down to 2000 words at the most! Over 25 million animals are killed each year in the US for animal testing, the specific type of animal is dependant on the test being conducted though mice and rats make up about 90% and about 1% I.E 250,000 are cats, dogs and primates. Other animals commonly used are hamsters, guinea pigs, rabbits, chickens, sheep, horses and cows. Tom Regan, a philosophy professor at North Carolina State University, states: Animals have a basic moral right to respectful treatment†¦This inherent value is not respected when animals are reduced to being mere tools in a scientific experiment (qtd. in Orlans 26). Is Your Experiment Really Necessary? Sheila Silcock, a research consultant for the RSPCA, states: Animals may themselves be the beneficiaries of animal experiments. But the value we place on the quality of their lives is determined by their perceived value to humans (34). More than six million animals are used annually in research and teaching in Australia and New Zealand. Many (but not all) of those animal are subjected to some degree of pain and/or stress during the experimental procedure or as a result of the environment in which they are kept prior toShow MoreRelatedEssay about Humane Treatment of Animals1419 Words   |  6 PagesHumane Treatment of Animals Animal testing is a necessity in todays society. This topic receives a lot of attention worldwide. There are many people who feel that risking an animals well being is cruel and inhumane. They may be right; however, Im taking a utilitarian approach on this topic and saying that the greater good for majority of people wins. At this day in age we cannot simply stop testing animals until another way is discovered. The application of animals to test a large number ofRead MoreAnimal Rights and Ethics Essay1746 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Animal Rights and Ethics† Gary Grey Introduction to Ethics and Social Responsibility Stacey Hiles March 21, 2011 Is it ethical for animals to have the same rights as humans? During this paper I will present the views of both sides. I will try my best to give the reader a chance to come to there own unbiased conclusion. I will talk about the key areas of animal ethics. I will present the facts and reasoning behind the arguments over Animal cruelty, testing, hunting, and improper housing. MyRead MoreThe Controversy Of Animal Testing946 Words   |  4 PagesI have no voice, but I must scream The controversy behind animals as research subjects is mainly one of morals and the ethical treatment of said animals. Many people believe we should use them in this way, so we aren t actually harming people in the pursuit for better things for humans. Though animal testing was a viable resource for many years, it has proven to be extremely controversial and unethical, therefor the use of animals as research subjects should be outlawed. There is always a flipRead MorePros And Cons Of Animal Testing1288 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Each animal bred or used for research, whether a mouse, fish, or monkey, is an individual capable of experiencing pain, suffering, and distress† (â€Å"Animal† 2013). The advancements in technology today had sparked a debate worldwide on whether it is right or wrong to use animals for experimentation in laboratories. With newly advanced scientific technology, experts are able to utilize advanced technology to simulate functions of the human body on a much smaller scale, including microchips of humanRead MoreThe Morality Of Animal Testing And Its Effect On The Biomedical And Consumer World1698 Words   |  7 PagesMorality of Animal Testing and its Effect on the Biomedical and Consumer World Animal testing has been a controversial problem in today’s society and it affects people from all over the world1 not just animal activists or scientists. Most of the products and medicines used today have been tested on animals. These animals used in experiments have been thought to only benefit society but morally this hurts our society. This hurts our society because now animal testing has become a social normality andRead MoreEssay on Business: Mission Statement1372 Words   |  6 Pagesthis case, how does The Body Shop address the four components of social responsibility? In the Body Shop, what tensions among these components were at work? Legal- the Body Shop avoided animal testing and used all natural ingredients to avoid any lawsuits. They knew the products were safe since people have been using them for years. Ethical- Anitas personal and moral beliefs into her work is that she is against animal testing and made a great effort to make sure her company and the suppliersRead MoreThe Social Construction Of Deviance And Eugenics1542 Words   |  7 Pages GEISY COBAS SOCIOLOGY 443 ANALYSIS PAPER THE SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF DEVIANCE AND EUGENICS â€Æ' ABSTRACT In this paper I will be analyzing the social construct of deviance and the topic of Eugenics theoretically, and how this practice transitioned from being deviant back in the early 20th century to a modern technology that can be used to help parents have healthy children. I will use different scholarly sources to compare and review different positions in the theories used as they relate toRead MoreAnimal Rights And Human Rights1857 Words   |  8 PagesWhether we think about it or not, our views on animal rights affect the choices we make every day from the foods we eat, the clothes we wear, the products we use on our skin, the medicine we take, and even the pets we may or may not keep in our home. Each of these choices hinge on our views of animal rights. Although animal rights are not a new issue we are facing here in the U.S., recent events have brought them back into the foreground. News stories like the slaying of Cecil the lion, and HarambeRead MoreThe Issues Of Gene Technolog y867 Words   |  4 PagesIssues of gene technology include inappropriate applications, religious issues, and what gives us the right to use such technology. The problems on society include disagreements among different groups of people based on views and opinions. There can economic problems when dealing with genetically modified foods. Legislation mainly focuses on HIPAA and the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA). They protect information and prohibit genetic discrimination in health insurance and employmentRead MoreThe New Red : Social Values1289 Words   |  6 PagesIn Will Potter’s Green Is The New Red, Will brings out that â€Å"Social values vary between cultures and evolve over time, and as values change so do definitions of art and obscenity (Potter 36).† Will emphasizes the matter that peoples customs and views change over time as well as what is considered art and what is seen as offensive or a threat. Green Is the New Red brings out the struggle and lives of environmental activists whom are targeted through the FBI and seen as terrorists. This book’s main

Christmas Carol High School Fish Eyes, Ghosts, and Friendship free essay sample

Snap! Crash! Shh! Those aren’t the sounds you would typically hear from the wings of a stage, but they were heard from the wings of the stage at Living Faith Church in December of 2017. The play, Christmas Carol HighSchool, didn’t quite go off without a hitch. With each rehearsal, something exciting would occur that distracted us from other problems that arose. However, we always kept a smile on our faces and continued on. The play was the story of A Christmas Carolby Charles Dickens. The difference was that it was set in a high school rather than in London. I played the role of one of the two ghosts Christmas past.Our lead actress was participating in two plays at once, Cinderellawhich was at her high school and ours. Often times, she would have to miss rehearsals for Christmas Carol High Schoolin order to attend Cinderellarehearsals. Her absence made our own rehearsals extremely difficult to accomplish. Although this was a difficult obstacle to overcome, we did and continued to have a wonderful time putting on the play.Our first incident that helped distract us from the many mishaps we endured, was the Caesar salad scare. Just across the street from our church is an Aldi store. After church, but before rehearsals, many of us in the cast and crew would make the quick trek over and buy something to eat. On one of these Sundays, my friend, Abby, decided that it would be a good idea to buy a Caesar salad kit for her lunch. Upon returning to the church, five of us girls sat at a table and began to eat our lunches. â€Å"What are all those little black dots?† Abby asked, turning to our friend, Lizzy, who sat beside her. Lizzy looked over to see Abby pointing at the small, black dots that rested in her Caesar salad dressing.â€Å"I don’t know. Look at the ingredients.† Lizzy replied.Abby checked the salad bag for the ingredients in her dressing. â€Å"It’s fis h eyes!† She exclaimed with a high-pitched voice and wide eyes. â€Å"I am never eating this stuff again.† She declared to the four of us sitting with her.â€Å"They’re not fish eyes.† Lizzy told her with her typical, evil-looking straight face.â€Å"It says right here.† Abby held up the bag and pointed to where it read â€Å"anchovy paste†.Lizzy took the bag and read the list of ingredients to herself. â€Å"I don’t think that they’re fish eyes, hon.†I took the bag from Lizzy and read the list myself. I didn’t know there was anchovy paste in Caesar salad. It was possible that those little black dots were, in fact, fish eyes. I couldn’t say that to Abby. The list had black pepper on it as well. That’s what it must be. â€Å"Honey, I think those dots are just black pepper.† I passed the bag over to Lydia so that she could state her opinion next.â€Å"Yeah, Abby. It’s just black pepper.â €  Lizzy repeated.â€Å"I’m still not eating it. They’re probably fish eyes.† Abby told us and that was the end of the discussion.As rehearsals progressed, my friend, Carter, and I had a difficult time trying to portray two 1950s cheerleaders, also known as the ghosts of Christmas past. We learned quite a few crazy cheers and poses that were eventually performed on stage.â€Å"Haha!† I laugh quietly backstage. Carter had a scratchy, red pom pom on top of his head like hair. Another was stuck in front of his chin. He had got red hair and a beard! â€Å"It’s time for curtain call. I dare you to go out there like that.† I whisper. It’s only rehearsal. No one will mind.â€Å"Fine.† He replies with his own small laugh.We line up to take our bows, holding back laughter. Then his red beard fell off as we headed to the center of the stage. Unfortunately, it was unable to be fixed in time for anyone to see.During the final performanc e of the play, one mishap stood out above every other thing that had happened during the course of the play. One of the stage wings is on the far corner of the stage and hidden only by a black sheet draped over an incredibly unstable structure. It constantly smelled of nervous sweat and the stage smoke that was used as a special effect whenever a ghost made their appearance on stage. Any noise made in that wing is audible to the audience.While the small group of the three ghosts of Christmas past and present and Anna, who played a version of Marley’s ghost, sat quietly in the makeshift wing. Then a small, yet heavy, box fell to the floor with a loud crash. Nervous, we all jumped to pick it up and, in the process, accidentally rattled the chains that Anna carried around. Trying to calm down after that scare, I sat on a stool, my feet resting tiredly on one of the bars beneath it, forgetting that this was, unfortunately, the broken stool. None of the bars connected to any two o f the legs. My feet pressed down heavily on the flimsy wooden dowel. It snapped. A loud crack sounded through the auditorium as the dowel fell off, and my feet hit the floor. All of us backstage froze. Our director would most definitely have our heads now. We were done for. The play continued on and we remained as silent as ever in our wing. After the performance ended, Lizzy came up to me and told me about the sound they’d heard in her wing on the opposite side of the stage. â€Å"It was so loud! We heard it all the way downstairs!†Embarrassed, I explained myself. â€Å"That was me. I broke a stool. But it was already broken!†I, and the rest of the cast who had been present, were terribly afraid of the director who had been sitting in the back of the auditorium for the performance. Surprisingly, and to our horror, she said nothing to any of us.Finally, I gathered enough courage to confront her. â€Å"You didn’t hear anything from backstage, did you?â₠¬ Ã¢â‚¬Å"No, I didn’t! Why?† She replied with a smile.â€Å"No reason. I was just wondering.† My eyes were wide as I turned away. She hadn’t heard. What a wonderful day!Our church Christmas play was not one that you would typically expect to see. It was different and had far more mistakes and mishaps than there should have been. It was also a time of making new friendships, learning from our mistakes, and growing closer to old friends in the oddest possible ways. In some ways, you could even say that it was a good thing that all our mishaps occurred. Without some of them, our friendships wouldn’t have gotten stronger and none of us would have connected through a common fear: the director. This was the best Christmas gifts I could have received, and it lasted all season long.

Minskys Economic volatility theory as an evaluation of Financial Crisis

Analysis of the Stages in Life Span Development essays

Analysis of the Stages in Life Span Development essays When breaking down the life span into stages such as childhood, adulthood, and late adulthood; the break down seeks to bring unity to the life of human being, and ultimately helps us to understand the development of a person. The science of human developments seeks to understand how and why people change or remain the same over time at all ages in all different circumstances. Human beings are so complex in so many ways and it is important that as humans we understand these crucial developmental stages in our life to better communicate and prepare for these stages in our lives. I additionally wanted to focus on the level of moral development among the interviewees at each of the stages in development. To better understand the characteristics of these developmental stages, the moral reasoning developmental process and differences and similarities seen among the people of the interviewees; I interviewed eight individuals. I interviewed both a female and male in the school age, adolescence, emerging adulthood, adulthood, and older adulthood developmental stages. The interviewees were selected at random. I conducted a personal face to face interview with each interviewee. During the interview I asked a series of eight questions pertaining to their goals, accomplishments, worries, important people in their lives, fears they currently have as well as a scenario question pertaining to a moral dilemma. After conducting these interviews I was able to analyze the different stages in life span development further and make clear observations of similarities and differences between the interviewees. Although the interviews allowed me a great amount of observation as well as useful insight; the answers to these eight questions did not summarize in anyway the multi-contextual, multicultural, multidisciplinary, plastic, and multi-directional development of each person. I conducted an interview with a ten year old male and an eight year old fe...

Therapeutic Approach Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Therapeutic Approach - Essay Example purpose of this paper, a 38 year old female client residing in the UK is considered and therefore the Diagnosis and therapy discussed are according to her needs. Before discussing different styles, it is helpful to mention therapy is time limited in nature ("Psychological and counseling,") that not every approach suits every patient. General public doesn’t know that psychology is a huge field and psychotherapy takes many forms. Often clients/patients feel dissatisfied after a session with a new psychotherapist. Afterwards, they blame psychological studies for their dissatisfaction. When the reality is that they might have met the right shrink (psychologist) but he/she used an approach that didn’t suit the client. Keeping that in mind, the imaginary patient used here is a 38 year old Cynthia, resides in England and suffers from chronic depression. Here are three approaches that can be used to diagnose and treat her. These therapies can be applied according to the response the patient is showing to the treatment. Cognitive therapy focuses on what people think rather than what they do (Encyclopedia of Psychology, 2013). This is a therapeutic approach where the practitioner tries to understand the thought pattern of the patient. Why is this important? Our world exists around us because we think (consciously & unconsciously) that it exists, we understand and accept that the environment around us exists and that leads to the human perception (or the other way around; perception is reality). Diagnosing Cynthia will require certain exercises such as asking her to note down her thoughts and feelings, before, during and after she has had a depressed phase. Writing down information will help the practitioner keep track of her thought cycle. This will be very effective in diagnosing the problem, i-e is Cynthia depressed for external reasons or is she only choosing to be depressed? Extending Cynthia’s hypothetical example, suppose she jots down she got depressed

Socrates Political View Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Socrates Political View - Essay Example The Socratic philosophical approach posits that the central subject matter of philosophy is the human being and virtues are viewed as a form of knowledge. Additionally, the approach posits that people do not commit evil intentionally and that they can explain the different accounts that have transformed their lives. Socrates is considered as the most revolutionary political theorist in the history of politics. Socrates believed in the ability of a man being superego. Plato posits, â€Å"in [his] investigation of the service of the god†¦that those who had the highest reputation were nearly the most deficient, while those who were thought to be inferior were more knowledgeable†. Notable among his declarations is that the wisest man is the one that knows that he knows not. Socrates argued that human happiness is the product of the ethical knowledge on how people should live and not on the basis of material possession and wealth. His political theory argues that governments s hould not act as merely powerful organizational entities; rather they should adhere to the ethical principles that enhance the culture of moral uprightness. The government’s role, according to Socrates, should be to cater for the common benefit of all citizens rather than discriminating individuals over adherence to societal rules. His association with political change and activism is related to the fact his ideas attracted enthusiastic admiration from the youths who add participate in the political coup at Athens in the aftermath of the Peloponnesian war.

The effects of corruption on the Nigerian economy

The effects of corruption on the Nigerian economy To evaluate the effects of corruption on the Nigerian economy, we utilise the estimated size of the hidden economy (a proxy for corruption) in effect to Nigerian economy growth, (Salisu, 2006). A MIMIC is a structural econometric model for estimating an equation in which the dependent variable is unobservable (latent). (Frey Weck-Hannemann, 1984) pioneered the use of MIMIC modelling in the context of the hidden economy. Since then, a number of other studies have employed this technique, (Aigner et al. 1986; Schneider 1997; Giles 1997, 1999; Tedds, 1998). It is a powerful technique for estimating the underground economy, as it allows for simultaneous interaction between multiple explanatory variables and multiple indicators of the hidden economy. The latent variable is linked, on the one hand, to a number of observable indicators (reflecting changes in the size of the unreported economy); and on the other hand to a set of observed causal variables, which are considered to be importan t determinants of the unreported economic activity. 4.4 Discussion of Empirical Results for Model Based on the reasoning we try to model the existence and the effect of corruption on Nigerian economy (FDI) based on the model by Johnson and Dahlstrom which depicts the picture of what we applying. The model is based on assumption that the bureaucrat has monopoly in providing government services that the MNE needs in order to operate in the host county,( Dahlstrom and Johnson, 2004): 4.4.1Equation 1 Corruption if: à Ã¢â‚¬ ¡ à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¥ c ( i) No corruption if: à Ã¢â‚¬ ¡ Where à Ã¢â‚¬ ¡ is an agents expected payoff from corruption and c is the expected cost. For corruption to take place à Ã¢â‚¬ ¡ à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¥ c for all involved agents. 4.4.2 Equation 2 Equation two below presents payoff functions for the two types of agents. Payoff for MNE à Ã¢â‚¬ ¡mne = ÃŽÂ ²Ãƒ Ã¢â‚¬   ( ii) Payoff for bureaucrat à Ã¢â‚¬ ¡off = ÃŽÂ · Where ÃŽÂ ² is the probability that the bureaucrat indeed delivers the government service, à Ã¢â‚¬   signifies the value of that government service for the MNE and ÃŽÂ · signifies the size of the bribe. The payoff of corruption is simply the monetary value an agent can earn by realising the action. For an MNE the payoff of engaging in corruption could for example be the future cash flow connected to a building contract granted by the bureaucrat. For a bureaucrat the payoff of corruption is simply the size of the bribe (Dahlstrom and Johnson,2004). The probability variable ÃŽÂ ² has been discussed by (Shleifer and Vishny ,1993) among others and can be used to distinguish bribes from taxes. As discussed earlier, (Shleifer and Vishny, 1993) distinguish between centralised corruption where a single agent (bureaucrat) collects the bribe. Decentralised corruption implies that several individual bureaucrats can demand bribes. Therefore, even when having paid a bribe there is still a possibility that the MNE does not get access to the government service that it wants. This would force the MNE to pay yet another bribe to get the demanded service. Under a decentralised system of corruption it is more likely that additional bureaucrats would put up demands for bribes. This is one example of how corruption introduces an element of uncertainty for the MNE. For an economy where centralised corruption dominates we would expect ÃŽÂ ² to be close to one while decentralised corruption would imply a smaller value of ÃŽÂ ² (Dahlstrom and Johnson,2004). They went further citing that the cost of corruption for the bribed is normally the punishment that can be imposed on him if he is found guilty, while for the briber it is the expected cost of punishment as well as the size of the bribe that composes the cost. The culture in the host-country can be assumed to influence the willingness of the agents to engage in corrupt practices. In economies where corruption is frowned upon there should, ceteris paribus, exist less corruption than in an economy that accepts corruption. The general cost function shown in equation 3 below tries to take all of the above into account. 4.4.3 Equation 3 The general cost function cj= ((ÃŽÂ ´+ÃŽÂ ±)) p)+ ÃŽÂ · (iii) Where c j is the cost of the j:th bribe with j going from 1 to n, p signifies the perceived risk of being caught, the expected punishment is denoted ÃŽÂ ´, while ÃŽÂ ± represents the social cost of being revealed as engaging in corrupt behaviour and ÃŽÂ · is the monetary value of the bribe. For the bribed ÃŽÂ ·=0 while ÃŽÂ ·>0 for the briber. The social cost of corruption ÃŽÂ ± goes from to infinity where a low value signifies that corrupt behaviour is widely accepted and a high value signify a culture with a strong aversion against corruption. Similar cost components of corruption for the individuals can be found in (Sen,2002,). The risk of being caught is dependent on the effectiveness of the police as well as the legal system. (La Porta et al, 1999) argues that countries having common law are better protected against corruption since the legal system has stronger property rights. But the enforcement of the laws is of equal importance. Triesman, finds that is perhaps not only the use of common law that decreases the amount of corruption but also whether or not a country has been under British rule, thus having had a strong influence on the legal culture not only the legal system. By taking the first derivative of equation 3 with respect to ÃŽÂ ´ we get the sensitivity of punishment. As can be seen the punishment depicted in law is highly dependent on surveillance and enforcement to have a deterrent effect on corruption in a country. Many developing countries have all the laws and regulations demanded from the international society regarding corruption but suffer from a severe lack of enforcement of the l aws. Thus those laws have little effect besides working as cosmetics for an ugly economy in need of aid and trade relations with developed countries (Triesman,1999). 4.5 Social cost of corruption The social cost of corruption may be lower in countries with more hierarchal religions as Islam and Catholicism since it is less accepted to challenge those above you in the hierarchy than in religions such as Protestantism (Triesman, 1999). Furthermore, countries with hierarchical religions tend to have stronger family ties, than countries that practice Protestantism (Triesman, 1999) It can also be the case that in cultures where the distinction between the officials private and official power is less distinct bribery may have lower social costs. All these things tend to affect the social stigma attached to corruption thus increasing or decreasing the cost. According to (Dahlstrom and Johnson,2004) in order to develop the model we have to combine the cost and payoff functions described above in order to determine whether corruption takes place. We have rewritten equation 1 by incorporating equation 2 and 3 resulting in one set of equations for the MNE, Equation 4, and one set for the bureaucrat, Equation 5, below. 4.5.1Equation 4 MNE No corruption if: ÃŽÂ ²Ãƒ Ã¢â‚¬   ((ÃŽÂ ´+ ÃŽÂ ±) p) -ÃŽÂ · Corruption if: ÃŽÂ ²Ãƒ Ã¢â‚¬   ((ÃŽÂ ´+ ÃŽÂ ±) p) -ÃŽÂ ·Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¥0 (ii) Expected profit: à Ã¢â€š ¬MNE= ÃŽÂ ²Ãƒ Ã¢â‚¬   ((ÃŽÂ ´+ ÃŽÂ ±) p) -ÃŽÂ · (iii) 4.5.2Equation 5 Bureaucrat No corruption if: ÃŽÂ ·- ((ÃŽÂ ´+ ÃŽÂ ±) p) Corruption if: ÃŽÂ · ((ÃŽÂ ´+ ÃŽÂ ±) p) ÃŽÂ ·Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¥0 Expected profit: à Ã¢â€š ¬off = ÃŽÂ ·- ((ÃŽÂ ´+ ÃŽÂ ±) p) (iii) They went further, using 4.i and 5.i to solve for the expected profit of corruption for the MNE yields ÃŽÂ ²Ãƒ Ã¢â‚¬  =2 ÃŽÂ ·. This is only valid if we assume that all of the cost variables ÃŽÂ ´,ÃŽÂ ±, p are identical for both the MNE and the bureaucrat. This is a strong assumption since both the fines as well as the social cost probably are higher for the MNE than for the bureaucrat. If we assume that the value of the bribe, ÃŽÂ ·, is the reservation price for the bureaucrat due to the fact that the MNE has more bargaining power. 4.5.3Equation 6 Equation 6 below show the total monetary value of the bribes paid in an economy. This could be seen as the actual cost for the economy when we disregard the uncertainty of corruption. This uncertainty comes in two shapes, the one of getting caught and the one of fulfilling ones obligation. If the service would have been delivered as a tax service equation 6 would equal the tax cost the MNE would have paid. n Total monetary value of corruption (6) V= ÃŽÂ £v j 1 Where is the monetary value of the j:th bribe with j going from 1 to n, with n being the number of transactions where it may be possible to offer a bribe, vj = ÃŽÂ ·j if both 0 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ ÃŽÂ ² j -((ÃŽÂ ´ j + ÃŽÂ ± j)* p j) ÃŽÂ · j -(ÃŽÂ ´ j+ ÃŽÂ ± j)* p j for all other cases vj=0 . In a developing economy n can be assumed to be higher under decentralised corruption than under centralised corruption since there are probably a greater number of different bureaucrats that demand bribes in the former case than in the latter. 4.5.4 Equation 7 Equation 7 below gives an account for the total cost of corruption that MNEs experience in a country. Here we include the cost of uncertainty unlike equation 6. n Total corruption cost for the MNE (7) CMNE = ÃŽÂ £ c j 1 Where cj is the expected cost of the j:th bribe with cj=(ÃŽÂ ´ j+ ÃŽÂ ± j)* p j )+ ÃŽÂ ·j if both 0 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ² j à Ã¢â‚¬  j ((ÃŽÂ ´ j+ ÃŽÂ ± j)* p j ) ÃŽÂ ·j and 0 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ ÃŽÂ ·j(ÃŽÂ ´ j+ ÃŽÂ ± j)* p j . If 0 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ² j à Ã¢â‚¬  j ((ÃŽÂ ´ j+ ÃŽÂ ± j)* p j ) ÃŽÂ ·j but 0 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ ÃŽÂ ·j(ÃŽÂ ´ j+ ÃŽÂ ± j)* p j then cj=(ÃŽÂ ´ j+ ÃŽÂ ± j)* p j ) but for all other cases cj=0 Cost of corruption for the MNE IF à Ã¢â‚¬ ¡off à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¥ c off then official chooses corruption IF à Ã¢â‚¬ ¡ off then official chooses no corruption IF à Ã¢â‚¬ ¡ à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¥ CMNE then MNE chooses corruption cj=(ÃŽÂ ´ j+ ÃŽÂ ± j)* p j )+ ÃŽÂ ·j cj=(ÃŽÂ ´ j+ ÃŽÂ ± j)* p j IF à Ã¢â‚¬ ¡ MNE then MNE chooses no corruption 0 0 (Source: Dahlstrom and Johnson,2004) It is evident from the above equations 6 and 7 that, i.e. the actual cost of corruption for the MNE is greater than just the size of the bribe thus it would have been less costly for the MNE to invest in a country where the services would have been supplied as a tax service. Further corruption as opposed to a tax does not benefit the government but the individual bureaucrat. The tax income could, if used efficiently by the government, promote growth of direct investment through increasing the stock of human capital or improving market economy institutions. This tax income could also be used to combat corruption through the legal system or by raising the salaries of the government officials. But for taxes to be less damaging than corruption this does not have to be the case. The only necessary condition is that there is less uncertainty involved. Furthermore, companies seldom have the choice whether to pay tax or not so the corruption cost will be something that has to be paid in addition to taxes, ( Dahlstrom and Johnson,2004). 4. 6 Effect of the host country corruption from the analysis The resulting effect of host-country corruption is that the actual cost of conducting business activities in the country is higher than what could be expected based on observable costs such as wages or transport costs. Based on this reasoning, corruption gives rise to extra costs that the MNE has to operate in the host-economy. If MNE presence does reduce corruption while corruption has a negative effect on FDI there might exist virtuous or vicious circles. If there is little FDI in a country the corruption stays high which discourages the MNE to invest, thus decreasing the FDI. Here we have a vicious circle but the opposite is also possible. If an MNE invests in a country the corruption decreases this further improves the incentives for future investments. If one also assumes that both FDI and low corruption encourages growth the country who finds itself in a virtuous circle will have a much higher probability of development than one that finds itself in a vicious circle. We now proceed to try to develop an expression that describes the effect of host country bureaucratic corruption on FDI inflows. We start by introducing a profit function for the MNE: à Ã¢â€š ¬(à Ã‚ ,w,ņ¹)= max { à Ã‚ y c(w,y, CMNE ) where p indicates the world market price of the output y of the MNE, w is the cost of production factors and CMNE represents the MNE cost of corruption as earlier Use of the expression py implies that demand for the good in the host country is too small to have an effect on the price that the MNE receives for its output. This assumption is most suitable for an export-platform type of FDI as described in (Ekholm et al, 2003) where the MNE production in the host-country is exported to third country markets. This type of FDI is most likely to appear in developing economies where small domestic markets exclude market-seeking motivated FDI but with low labour costs. This implies that the profit function is most suitable for MNEs that operate in developing economies. It might be argued that the MNE only starts production in the host country if the expected profit from doing so is larger than some minimum level of profits: E(à Ã¢â€š ¬)=[ E(p)E(y) -c(E(w),E (y),E(CMNE ))] à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¥ E(à Ã¢â€š ¬) where à Ã¢â€š ¬ is the minimum profit necessary for entry. Therefore, a rise in CMNE, the costs caused by corruption, should decrease the amount of FDI inflows that a host-country receives. It is also possible that MNEs that are already established in the host country decide to close down facilities if the costs of corruption become too high. (Cuervo-Cazurra , 2006) Although corruption has a negative impact on FDI because of the additional uncertainty and costs, such costs vary depending on the country of origin of the FDI. With respect to this topic, more FDI is gotten from OECD countries which are the rationale behind a corrupt country like Nigeria decreasing the quantity of its inward FDI because of the costs which the foreign MNC will have to incur to establish business in Nigeria. So therefore results show that the relationship between corruption and FDI is modified by the country of origin of the FDI.

Failure of Communism Essay -- Communism Essays

In theory, communism is a fantastic idea for society. According to Collin’s English Dictionary, communism is â€Å"a classless society in which private ownership has been abolished and the means of production and subsistence belong to the community† (Dictionary.com). While communism is most often erroneously associated with the Soviet Union and China, they are in fact a totalitarian deviation of the philosophical ideal. In a true communistic society, no government would be found. In a true communistic society, no government would be found. In practice, communism is doomed to fail due to the flaws of human nature. Two flaws in particular contribute to this collapse more than any other-- greed and pride. Greed is the man who needs what is not necessary for survival. Greed instills in men a thirst for power and wipes all charity from their thoughts. Pride is the man who looks down upon his peers, feeling that he is better than any other, or the man who seeks to ru le over them and guide them through his apparent wisdom. The governments of the former Soviet-Union and Romania, as well as present day North Korea, China and Cuba, are considered to be Marxist-Leninist states (a form of communism). These countries are ruled by a single, all-powerful government body, with a single individual as the head of that government. All people of the state are said to be equal, with no one above the other. Yet the ruler, advisors, and military live in better conditions than the commoners, already contradicting the basic ideals of communism. These governments take their hypocrisy one step farther by using the majority of the earnings of the citizens to support lavish lifestyles of the royal families or rulers, as well as the army of the nation... ...ny things, both good and bad. For pride and greed to be found, one must think of themselves and only themselves. Of course, ants can not do that. One could argue that we, as a species, need our flaws to survive. The failure of communism rests solely on our flaws as humans with greed and pride being at the forefront. Our inadequacies can be traced across every attempt at communism or form of communism. Until we evolve to the point of perfection, communism will not be able to exist without corruption and inevitable collapse. Works Cited Dictionay.com. n. p. Web. 20 Sept 2010. Conover, Adele. â€Å"To Fathom a Colony’s Talk and Toil, Studying Insects One by One.† The New York Times. 27 April 2009. n. pag. Web. 21 Sept. 2010. Rich, G.J. â€Å"A biochemical approach to the study of personality.† Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 23.2 (1928): 158-175. Print.

Greed in Macbeth Essay

The nature of humanity always forces individuals to choose between right and wrong. Sometimes, there is conflict between personal desires and moral decisions. In the play Macbeth, William Shakespeare illustrates humankind as dark and immoral. He displays the negative side of human nature through three of the main characters. First of all, Banquo who appears to be noble but succumbs to his desires. Secondly, Lady Macbeth reveals ambition that leads her to destruction. Lastly, Macbeth becomes engulfed in greed that leads to horrible deeds. Thus, Shakespeare emphasizes that greed overrules human kindness in human nature. Banquo reveals avariciousness in pursuit of his desires. He reveals his first cupidity when he hears Macbeths prophecies by the weird sisters. Banquo states (AS BANQUO SAYS TO ..): My noble partner/You greet with present grace and great prediction/Of noble having and of royal hope,/That he seems rapt withalspeak then to me, who neither beg nor fear/Your favours nor your hate. (I,iii,55-62). Banquo, who appears to be a noble man, also displays his greed by wanting to receive a great prediction just like Macbeth. Banquo also reveals his overriding by committing the sin of omission. After the assassination of Duncan, Banquo talks to himself: As the weird women promised:If there come truth from them/As upon thee, Macbeth, their speeches shine/Why, by the verties on thee made good,/May they be my oracles as well/And set me up in hope? (III,i,2-10). Banquo does not reveal the secret of the prophecies and his suspicion about Macbeth because Banquo believes that his prophecy will not come true if he exposes this secret information. Banquo did not act upon his greed, but his greediness of keeping secrets of the prophecies leads him to his death. Moreover, a promise between Macbeth and Banquo, stops Banquo from exposing their secrets. After hearing the news about their future, Macbeth says to ( ): If you shall cleave to my consent, when tis/It shall make honour for you (II,i,30-31). Since Macbeth promises to honor him, it makes it harder for Banquo to reveal the secret. There are some good qualities but also bad qualities in human nature that leads to a downfall. In addition to Banquo, Shakespeare illustrates much stronger greed in Lady Macbeth. After hearing the news about the prophecies, Lady Macbeth reveals  her imperial ambitions. The raven himself is hoarse/That croaks the fatal entrance of Duncan/Under my battlement. Come, you sprits/That tend on mortal thoughts! Unsex me here,/And fill me from the crown to the toe top full/Of direst cruelty; make thick my blood (I,v,36-41). Through Lady Macbeth, Shakespeare shows the powerful figure of a female character normally recognized as kind and obedient during this time. However, Macbeth ( no underline) presents a dark image of a female character that becomes evil in her desires for the future. Furthermore, Lady Macbeth convinces her husband to act upon his desire and his fate. As she knows Macbeth does not have the will to actively pursue the throne, she manipulates him: Was the hope drunkFrom this time/Such I account thy love. Art thou afeard/To be the same in thine own act and valour/As thou esteemst the ornament of life,/And live a coward in thine own esteem,/Letting I dare not wait upon I would,/Like the poor cat I the adage? (I,vii,35-44). Not only does Lady Macbeth carry out her own role, she also goads Macbeth into action to accomplish her desire. Lady Macbeths natural humanity is displayed when she is not able to kill Duncan herself because he resembles her father. This illustrates that she is trying to suppress her human nature and allow her ambition to rule. However, even after reaching her achieved goal, she is discontent throughout the rest of the play. Lady Macbeth expresses her feelings, but not to Macbeth: Noughts had, alls spent./Where our desire is got without content:/Tis safter to be that which we destroy/Than by destruction, dwell in doubtful joy./[Macbeth enters]why do you keep alone,/Of sorriest fancies your companions making;whats done is done. (III,ii,6-14). Even with her dissatisfaction, she keeps her emotion herself in order to keep her throne. The greed in human nature is so strong that it can overtake morality. Finally, and for the most significantly, Lady Macbeth encourages Macbeth to act upon his greed, and abandon his morals. Shakespeare illustrates Macbeth as evil from the beginning of the play. In his first entrance, he expresses his feelings of the day by saying: So foul and fair a day I have not seen. (I,iii,39). Since Macbeth believes that good is bad and bad is good, his ambition overtakes his virtuousness. Therefore, Shakespeare illustrates that humans can exemplify both good and evil. In addition, Macbeth reveals his desire to kill King Duncan when he is left alone in his chamber. I have not  spur/To prick the sides of my intent, but only/Vaulting ambition, which oerleaps itself/And falls on the other. (I,vii,25-28). Macbeths values are shown through his speech as he expresses abhorrence for killing Duncan. Lady Macbeth convinces her husband which leads him to act upon his deed. Later, Macbeth kills Banquo because of acquisitiveness. Macbeth feels insecure because of Banquos prophecies: When first they put the name of king upon me,/And bade them speak to him; then prophet-like/They haild his father to a line of kings:/Upon my head they placed a fruitless crown,/And put a barren scepter in my gripe,/Thence to be when chd with an unlined hand,/No son of mine succeeding. (III,i,62-68). Macbeth betrays his friendship because he believes that he had committed a horrible deed not for his descendants, but for Banquos. Even though Banquo had been so kind and loyal to him, Macbeth kills him to prevent Banquos son from gaining the throne he has killed for. When once greed overrules humanity, it will continue to control and force them to make rash decisions. Throughout the play, Shakespeare presents a dark side of human nature, with greed and ambition overcoming morality. First, by exemplifying Banquos avarice in order for his heirs to inherit the throne, Shakespeare establishes immorality through omission. Secondly, Lady Macbeths ambition overtakes her, and instead of supporting her husband, she pushes him to evil. Finally, Macbeth allows his goal and desires to control his life and lead him to a betrayal of Duncan, Banquo, and his own morality. Shakespeare, William. Book by Harold Bloom. Chelsea Publishing. 2000.

Chemical and Physical Properties of Gold

Gold is an element that was known to ancient man and has always been prized for its color. It was used as jewelry in prehistoric times, alchemists spent their lives trying to transmute other metals into gold, and it is still one of the most prized metals.   Gold  Basics Atomic Number: 79Symbol: AuAtomic Weight: 196.9665Discovery: known since prehistoric timeElectron Configuration: [Xe]6s14f145d10Word Origin: Sanskrit Jval; Anglo-Saxon gold; meaning gold - also Latin aurum, shining dawnIsotopes: There are 36 known isotopes of gold ranging from Au-170 to Au-205. There is only one stable isotope of gold: Au-197. Gold-198, with a half-life of 2.7 days, has been used to treat cancer and other illnesses. Gold  Physical Data Density (g/cc): 19.3Melting Point ( °K): 1337.58Boiling Point ( °K): 3080Appearance: soft, malleable, yellow metalAtomic Radius (pm): 146Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 10.2Covalent Radius (pm): 134Ionic Radius: 85 (3e) 137 (1e)Specific Heat (20 °C J/g mol): 0.129Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): 12.68Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): ~340Debye Temperature ( °K): 170.00Pauling Negativity Number: 2.54First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 889.3Oxidation States: 3, 1. The oxidation states -1, 2 and 5 exist but are rare.Lattice Structure: Face-Centered Cubic (FCC)Lattice Constant (Ã…): 4.080Specific Gravity (20 °C): 18.88CAS Registry Number: 7440-57-5 Properties In mass, gold is a yellow-colored metal, although it may be black, ruby, or purple when finely divided. Gold is a good conductor of electricity and heat. It is not affected by exposure to air or to most reagents. It is inert and a good reflector of infrared radiation. Gold is usually alloyed to increase its strength. Pure gold is measured in troy weight, but when gold is alloyed with other metals the term karat is used to express the amount of gold present. Common Uses for Gold Gold is used in coinage and is the standard for many monetary systems. It  is used for jewelry, dental work, plating, and reflectors. Chlorauric acid (HAuCl4) is used in photography for toning silver images. Disodium aurothiomalate, administered intramuscularly, is a treatment for arthritis. Where Gold Is Found   Gold is found as the free metal and in tellurides. It is widely distributed and almost always associated with pyrite or quartz. Gold is found in veins and in alluvial deposits. Gold occurs in sea water in the amount of 0.1 to 2 mg/ton, depending on the location of the sample. Gold Trivia Gold is one of the few elements that can be found in its native state.Gold is the most malleable and ductile metal. One ounce of gold can be beaten out to 300 ft2 or stretched into a wire 2000 kilometers long (1 ÃŽ ¼m thick).The melting point of gold is an assigned value, which serves as a calibration point for the International Temperature Scale and International Practical Temperature Scale.The gold ion in the 1 oxidation state (Au(I)) is called the aurous ion.The gold ion in the 3 oxidation state (Au(III)3) is called the auric ion.Compounds containing gold in the -1 oxidation state are called aurides. (Cesium and rubidium can form auride compounds)Gold is one of the noble metals. Noble metal is an alchemical term for metals that do not corrode under normal conditions.Gold is the seventh most dense metal.Metallic gold has no odor or taste.Gold has been used as jewelry since prehistoric times. Today, gold in jewelry is not pure gold. Jewelry gold is made of many different gold alloys .Gold is resistant to most acids. The acid aqua regia is used to dissolve gold.Elemental gold metal is considered non-toxic and occasionally used as a food additive.Transmuting lead into gold was one of the major gold of the alchemists. Modern nuclear chemists have found methods to accomplish this historic task.​ References   Los Alamos National Laboratory (2001), Crescent Chemical Company (2001), Langes Handbook of Chemistry (1952) International Atomic Energy Agency ENSDF database (Oct 2010)